Adrenomyeloneuropathy (AMN) Epidemiology

Key Highlights:

• Adrenoleukodystrophy (ALD) also called X-linked ALD (X-ALD) is a rare genetic disorder characterized by the impaired metabolism of very long-chain fatty acids (VLCFAs), leading to their accumulation in various tissues, especially the nervous system and adrenal glands.
• AMN is the most prevalent form of ALD, primarily affecting adult men. It typically begins with a gradual onset of leg stiffness and weakness, difficulty in walking, and pain or discomfort due to nerve damage. Additional symptoms may include bladder and bowel dysfunction, as well as sexual dysfunction.
• AMN is caused by genetic mutations in the ABCD1 gene.  The ABCD1 gene provides the instructions to produce the adrenoleukodystrophy protein (ALDP), which is responsible for transporting specific molecules, such as very long-chain fatty acids (VLCFA), to peroxisomes, specialized compartments in cells where these molecules are broken down.
• AMN can be inherited from parent to child, and its inheritance follows an X-linked recessive pattern.
• The symptoms of AMN can vary greatly from person to person. Common signs include leg stiffness, weakness, and pain, which often develop slowly and may intensify over time. The condition can also impact the nerves that control bladder, bowel, and sexual function, leading to various complications.
• Diagnosing AMN requires a combination of biochemical, genetic, and imaging tests to confirm the condition and assess the extent of disease involvement. Since AMN symptoms can overlap with other neurological and metabolic disorders, a structured diagnostic approach is essential to ensure early and accurate detection.
• In 2024, the total diagnosed prevalent cases of AMN were approximately 3,500 cases in the 7MM. 
• In the 7MM, the highest number of diagnosed prevalent cases of AMN were observed in the US with approximately 1,000 cases.
• In 2024, EU4 and the UK accounted for approximately 2,000 cases of AMN, in which Germany accounted for the highest percentage of diagnosed prevalent cases while Italy accounted for the lowest.
• In 2024, Japan accounted for approximately 500 cases of AMN.

DelveInsight’s “Adrenomyeloneuropathy (AMN) epidemiology report" delivers an in-depth understanding of Adrenomyeloneuropathy (AMN) historical and forecasted epidemiology in the United States, EU4 (Germany, France, Italy, and Spain) and the United Kingdom, and Japan.

Study Period: 2021-2034

Forecast Period: 2025–2034

Geographies Covered: US, EU4 (Germany, France, Italy, and Spain) and the UK, and Japan

Epidemiology Segmented by:

• Total Diagnosed prevalent cases
• Total Treated cases

Adrenomyeloneuropathy (AMN): Disease Understanding 

Adrenomyeloneuropathy (AMN) Overview, and Diagnosis

Adrenomyeloneuropathy (AMN) is the most prevalent form of adrenoleukodystrophy (ALD), primarily affecting adult men. It typically begins with a gradual onset of leg stiffness and weakness, difficulty in walking, and pain or discomfort due to nerve damage. Additional symptoms may include bladder and bowel dysfunction, as well as sexual dysfunction. Unlike cerebral ALD, AMN tends to progress more slowly and is less likely to cause severe cognitive decline, though it can result in significant disability over time.

Adrenomyeloneuropathy (AMN) is a rare neurodegenerative disorder that can take years to diagnose accurately. Many primary care providers may not be familiar with AMN, and patients often need to consult multiple specialists before receiving a definitive diagnosis. To help shorten the diagnostic timeline, proactive engagement with healthcare providers is essential.

Adrenomyeloneuropathy (AMN) Epidemiology

• The AMN epidemiology chapter in the report provides historical as well as forecasted epidemiology segmented by total diagnosed prevalent cases and total treated cases in the United States, EU4 countries (Germany, France, Italy, and Spain) and the United Kingdom, and Japan from 2021 to 2034.
• In 2024, there were around 1,000 diagnosed prevalent cases of AMN in the US.
• In EU4 and the UK, Germany accounted for the highest number (~500 cases) of diagnosed prevalent cases in 2024.
• In 2024, Italy reported the lowest cases of AMN ~250 in the 7MM.
• In 2024, EU4 and the UK accounted for approximately 2,000 cases of AMN.

Scope of the Report

• The report covers a segment of key events, an executive summary, and a descriptive overview of Adrenomyeloneuropathy (AMN), explaining its causes, signs and symptoms, pathogenesis, and currently available therapies.
• Comprehensive insight into the epidemiology segments and forecasts, the future growth potential of diagnosis rate, and disease progression have been provided.
• A detailed review of current challenges in establishing diagnosis and diagnosis rate is provided.

Adrenomyeloneuropathy (AMN) Report Insights

• Patient Population
• Country-wise Epidemiology Distribution

Adrenomyeloneuropathy (AMN) Report Key Strengths

• Ten-year Forecast
• The 7MM Coverage 
• Adrenomyeloneuropathy (AMN) Epidemiology Segmentation

Adrenomyeloneuropathy (AMN) Report Assessment

• Epidemiology Segmentation
• Current Diagnostic Practices

FAQs

Epidemiology Insights

• What are the disease risks, burdens, and unmet needs of Adrenomyeloneuropathy (AMN)? What will be the growth opportunities across the 7MM with respect to the patient population pertaining to Adrenomyeloneuropathy (AMN)?
• What is the historical and forecasted Adrenomyeloneuropathy (AMN) patient pool in the United States, EU4 (Germany, France, Italy, Spain) and the United Kingdom, and Japan?
• What is the diagnostic pattern of Adrenomyeloneuropathy (AMN)?
• Which clinical factors will affect Adrenomyeloneuropathy (AMN)?
• Which factors will affect the increase in the diagnosis of Adrenomyeloneuropathy (AMN)?

Reasons to buy

• Insights on disease burden, details regarding diagnosis, and factors contributing to the change in the epidemiology of the disease during the forecast years.
• To understand the change in Adrenomyeloneuropathy (AMN) cases in varying geographies over the coming years.
• A detailed overview of diagnosed prevalent cases and treated cases of Adrenomyeloneuropathy (AMN) is included.
• To understand the perspective of key opinion leaders around the current challenges with establishing the diagnosis and insights on the treatment-eligible patient pool.
• Detailed insights on various factors hampering disease diagnosis and other existing diagnostic challenges.