Eosinophilic Esophagitis Epidemiology

Key Highlights

• Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is a chronic allergic condition that causes inflammation of the esophagus due to a build-up of white blood cells called eosinophils. The most common symptom is difficulty swallowing or eating. Other symptoms include chest or stomach pain, and food getting stuck.
• Most EoE patients are atopic, meaning they suffer from one or more allergic conditions, such as asthma, allergic rhinitis, atopic dermatitis (eczema), or food allergies. EoE can also occur in other family members. Given the atopic nature of many EoE patients, allergists are often the first to suspect the diagnosis and may refer patients to a gastroenterologist for further evaluation and confirmation of EoE.
• Diagnosing EoE requires specific criteria that involve assessing symptoms consistent with the condition. These are then confirmed through upper endoscopy and examination of esophageal tissue biopsies by a pathologist, which helps verify the presence of EoE.
• The rapid change in incidence and prevalence of EoE demonstrates the potential importance of environmental factors. Environmental allergen exposure may also play critical roles in the pathogenesis and ongoing manifestations of EoE, such as pollen, seasons of spring/fall, or living in a cold or dry climate.
• As per Delveinsight, the total number of diagnosed prevalent cases of Eosinophilic Esophagitis in the US is ~450,000 in 2023.
• EoE predominantly affected males, with approximately 270,000 males diagnosed in 2023 in the US.

DelveInsight’s  “Eosinophilic Esophagitis (EoE) – Epidemiology Forecast – 2034” report delivers an in-depth understanding of Eosinophilic Esophagitis, historical and forecasted epidemiology in the United States, EU4 (Germany, France, Italy, and Spain) and the United Kingdom, and Japan.

The table given below further depicts the key segments provided in the report:

Eosinophilic Esophagitis (EoE): Disease Understanding 

Eosinophilic Esophagitis (EoE) Overview, and Diagnosis

Eosinophilic Esophagitis (EoE) is a chronic inflammatory condition of the esophagus that presents with upper gastrointestinal symptoms such as dysphagia (difficulty swallowing), food impaction, heartburn, and regurgitation. Often referred to as "asthma of the esophagus," EoE is characterized by the infiltration of eosinophils, a type of white blood cell, into the esophageal epithelium, where their numbers exceed 15 eosinophils per high-power field (HPF). This results in esophageal inflammation and remodeling, including Basal Zone Hyperplasia (BZH) and Dilated Intercellular Spaces (DIS), which can ultimately lead to complications like esophageal strictures and a narrowed esophagus. EoE is a complex disease with a highly variable clinical presentation, which can differ by age of onset, symptom severity, comorbidities, and response to therapy. 

Although the exact cause remains unclear, EoE is believed to be driven by an allergic, immune-mediated response to dietary food allergens. The condition is associated with a Type-2 helper T (Th2) cell response, leading to the release of inflammatory cytokines like IL-5 and IL-13. The disease predominantly affects young adults and children, with symptoms often exacerbating in those with allergic conditions. With growing understanding of the underlying immune mechanisms, biologic therapies targeting specific inflammatory pathways hold promise for treating EoE.

The diagnosis of Eosinophilic Esophagitis (EoE) is based on a combination of clinical symptoms, endoscopic findings, and histopathological evaluation. Clinically, EoE presents with esophageal dysfunction, including dysphagia, food impaction, heartburn, and regurgitation. However, these symptoms are not exclusive to EoE, making it essential to rule out other potential causes of esophageal eosinophilia before confirming the diagnosis.

Eosinophilic Esophagitis (EoE) Epidemiology

The Eosinophilic Esophagitis (EoE) epidemiology chapter in the report provides historical as well as forecasted epidemiology segmented by Total Diagnosed Prevalent Cases Of Eosinophilic Esophagitis, Gender Specific Cases of Eosinophilic Esophagitis, Age Specific Cases of Eosinophilic Esophagitis, and Treated Cases of Eosinophilic Esophagitis in the United States, EU4 countries (Germany, France, Italy, Spain) and the United Kingdom, and Japan from 2021 to 2034.

• In the 7MM, the total number of diagnosed prevalent cases of Eosinophilic Esophagitis (EoE) were ~700,000 in 2023.
• The US accounts for the highest prevalent cases of EOE about 60% of the total cases were from US in year 2023.
• In 2023, the prevalent cases of EOE in Female in the United States were ~150,000 in 2023 and it is expected to increase by CAGR of ~5%.
• Germany has the most prevalent cases of Eosinophilic Esophagitis among EU4 and UK, whereas the Spain has the fewest.
• The total diagnosed prevalent cases of Eosinophilic Esophagitis in Japan was expected to reach ~20,000 by 2034.

Scope of the Report

• The report covers a segment of key events, an executive summary, and a descriptive overview of Eosinophilic Esophagitis (EoE), explaining its causes, signs and symptoms, pathogenesis, and currently available therapies.
• Comprehensive insight into the epidemiology segments and forecasts, the future growth potential of diagnosis rate, and disease progression have been provided.
• A detailed review of current challenges in establishing diagnosis and diagnosis rate is provided.

Eosinophilic Esophagitis (EoE) Report Insights

• Patient Population
• Country-wise Epidemiology Distribution

Eosinophilic Esophagitis (EoE) Report Key Strengths

• Eleven-year Forecast
• The 7MM Coverage 
• Eosinophilic Esophagitis (EoE) Epidemiology Segmentation

Eosinophilic Esophagitis (EoE) Report Assessment

• Epidemiology Segmentation
• Current Diagnostic Practices

FAQs

Epidemiology Insights

• What are the disease risks, burdens, and unmet needs of Eosinophilic Esophagitis? What will be the growth opportunities across the 7MM with respect to the patient population pertaining to Eosinophilic Esophagitis?
• What is the historical and forecasted Eosinophilic Esophagitis patient pool in the United States, EU4 (Germany, France, Italy, Spain) and the United Kingdom, and Japan?
• What is the diagnostic pattern of Eosinophilic Esophagitis?
• Which clinical factors will affect Eosinophilic Esophagitis?
• Which factors will affect the increase in the diagnosis of Eosinophilic Esophagitis?
• Which age group has a high patient share in the Eosinophilic Esophagitis? 
• Which gender has a high patient share in the Eosinophilic Esophagitis?

Reasons to buy

• Insights on disease burden, details regarding diagnosis, and factors contributing to the change in the epidemiology of the disease during the forecast years.
• To understand the change in Eosinophilic Esophagitis cases in varying geographies over the coming years.
• A detailed overview of total diagnosed prevalent cases of Eosinophilic Esophagitis, gender specific cases of Eosinophilic Esophagitis, age specific cases of Eosinophilic Esophagitis, and treated cases of Eosinophilic Esophagitis is included.
• To understand the perspective of key opinion leaders around the current challenges with establishing the diagnosis and insights on the treatment-eligible patient pool.
• Detailed insights on various factors hampering disease diagnosis and other existing diagnostic challenges.