Graves Ophthalmopathy Epidemiology

Key Highlights

• Graves’ Ophthalmopathy represents a broad spectrum of disease; although the diagnosis is readily apparent in those with severe and active disease, establishing the diagnosis in patients with lesser degrees of Graves’ Ophthalmopathy can be challenging, and this may be the primary cause for low diagnosis rate seen across the 7MM since many people go misdiagnosed.
• Graves’ Ophthalmopathy is a potentially sight-threatening ocular disease that has puzzled physicians and scientists for nearly two centuries. Its widely quoted incident is 16/100,000 in women and 2.9/100,000 in men. However, these studies are outdated, and no prevalence studies have been reported.
• According to reported literature and primary market research findings, 90% of Graves’ Ophthalmopathy cases are generally due to Graves’ disease, while the rest are caused due to euthyroid or hypothyroid disorders.
• To estimate the prevalence of Graves’ ophthalmopathy, we calculated its occurrence in the prevalent Graves’ disease population. Then we scaled up to include Graves’ Ophthalmopathy cases caused due to other indications.
• In 2022, the prevalence of Graves’ Ophthalmopathy cases was ~2,385,920 in the 7MM, which is expected to rise by 2034.

DelveInsight’s “Graves’ Ophthalmopathy – Epidemiology Forecast – 2034” report delivers an in-depth understanding of Graves’ Ophthalmopathy, historical and forecasted epidemiology in the United States, EU4 (Germany, Spain, Italy, and France) and the United Kingdom, and Japan.

Geography Covered

• The United States
• EU4 (Germany, France, Italy, and Spain) and the United Kingdom
• Japan

Study Period: 2021-2034

Graves’ Ophthalmopathy Understanding and Diagnostic Algorithm

Graves’ Ophthalmopathy Overview

Graves’ Ophthalmopathy is an autoimmune inflammatory disorder associated with thyroid disease, which affects ocular and orbital tissues. It is also known as Graves’ orbitopathy, Graves’ eye disease, thyroid eye disease (TED), and thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy. It is the main extrathyroidal manifestation of Graves’ disease (GD) and is often disfiguring, significantly impairing the QoL of affected individuals and causing great indirect and direct costs to health systems.

Being an immune-mediated inflammatory disorder, it produces expansion of the extraocular muscles and fat in orbit. Edema, accumulation of glycosaminoglycans and collagen, and adipogenesis cause most patients to enlarge both extraocular muscle and orbital adipose tissue, with a predominance of either in some patients.

Graves’ Ophthalmopathy Diagnosis

Diagnosis of Graves’ Ophthalmopathy is complex because it overlaps symptoms with other diseases, including inflammatory orbitopathy, such as granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA, formerly known as Wegener’s granulomatosis), allergic conjunctivitis and especially in case euthyroid and hypothyroidism. Although the diagnosis is generally straightforward without additional laboratory or imaging data in thyrotoxic patients with bilateral proptosis, it can be more difficult in euthyroid patients with unilateral proptosis. In these cases, the presence of thyroid autoimmunity, especially the positivity of TSH receptor antibodies (either thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulins [TSI] or thyrotropin-binding inhibitor immunoglobulins [TBII]), is useful in establishing a diagnosis of Graves’ Ophthalmopathy. They can also be diagnosed by CT scanning or MRI with special attention to the orbits that may identify an orbital mass lesion, an infiltrative process, idiopathic orbital inflammation (pseudotumor), and orbital abnormality.

If the imaging is compatible with Graves’ Ophthalmopathy, the finding of elevated TRAb helps diagnose a euthyroid patient. Although the absence of elevated TRAb in this setting does not rule out the diagnosis of Graves’ Ophthalmopathy, it makes the diagnosis less likely. It necessitates further evaluation and/or observation over time.

The timely and accurate diagnosis of acute Graves’ Ophthalmopathy is vital as the natural history of Graves’ Ophthalmopathy is such that early intervention in the acute inflammatory phase may improve the long-term outcome. Graves’ Ophthalmopathy represents a broad spectrum of disease. Although the diagnosis is readily apparent in those with severe and acute disease, establishing the diagnosis in patients with lesser degrees of Graves’ Ophthalmopathy can be challenging. Identifying these patients is important as not only those with sight-threatening, acute diseases benefit from early treatment.

Further details related to diagnosis are provided in the report…

Graves’ Ophthalmopathy Epidemiology

The epidemiology forecast model of Graves’ Ophthalmopathy for the 7MM is based on the analysis of the prevalent cases of Graves’ Ophthalmopathy, further segmented by diagnosis, gender, chronicity, and severity-specific cases.

As the market is derived using the patient-based model, the Graves’ Ophthalmopathy epidemiology chapter in the report provides historical as well as forecasted epidemiology segmented by, Prevalent Cases of Graves’ Ophthalmopathy, Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of Graves’ Ophthalmopathy, Gender-specific Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of Graves’ Ophthalmopathy, Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of Graves’ Ophthalmopathy by Chronicity, Acute Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of Graves’ Ophthalmopathy, and Moderate-to-severe Drug-treated Cases of Acute Graves’ Ophthalmopathy in the 7MM covering the United States, EU4 countries (Germany, France, Italy, and Spain), United Kingdom, and Japan from 2021 to 2034. The total prevalent cases of Graves’ Ophthalmopathy in the 7MM comprised approximately 2,386,000 cases in 2022 and are projected to increase during the forecasted period.

• The total prevalent cases of Graves Ophthalmopathy in the United States were around 1,012,000 cases in 2022.
• The US contributed to the largest prevalent population of Graves’ Ophthalmopathy, acquiring ~42% of the 7MM in 2022. Germany accounted for around 13% and Japan accounted for around 8% of the total population share in 2022.
• Among EU4 countries, Germany accounted for the largest number of Graves’ Ophthalmopathy cases, followed by France, whereas Spain accounted for the lowest number of cases in 2022.
• According to DelveInsight estimates, there were around 16,300 cases of acute Graves’ Ophthalmopathy and 41,900 cases of chronic Graves’ Ophthalmopathy in Japan in 2022. These cases are projected to increase during the forecasted period.
• In the 7MM, approximately 20% of the patient share is attributed to males, whereas only 80% of females suffer from Graves’ Ophthalmopathy.
• The diagnosis and treatment rate of Graves’ Ophthalmopathy is expected to increase in the coming years due to the increase in expected approvals of several pipeline candidates to treat Graves’ Ophthalmopathy, thus leading to an increase in awareness among patients and clinicians.

KOL Views

To keep up with current market trends, we take KOLs and SMEs’ opinions working in the domain through primary research to fill the data gaps and validate our secondary research. Industry experts contacted to understand and validate the patient pool and forecasted trends included Medical/scientific writers, Jules Stein Eye Institute, the University of California, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Premier Vision Group, and others.

Delveinsight’s analysts connected with 50+ KOLs to gather insights; however, interviews were conducted with 15+ KOLs in the 7MM.

Explore the key factors, trends, innovations, and developments driving the market growth, at: Graves Ophthalmopathy Market

Scope of the Report

• The report covers a segment of key events, an executive summary, and a descriptive overview of Graves’ Ophthalmopathy, explaining its causes, signs and symptoms, pathogenesis, and currently available therapies.
• Comprehensive insight into the country-wise epidemiology segments and forecasts, the future growth potential of diagnosis rate, and insights on disease progression have been provided.
• A detailed review of Graves’ Ophthalmopathy epidemiology, detailed assumptions, and the rationale behind our approach is included in the report.
• A detailed review of current challenges in establishing the diagnosis.

Graves’ Ophthalmopathy Report Insights

• Graves’ Ophthalmopathy Patient Population
• Patient Population by Gender, Chronicity, and Severity-specific Cases
• Country-wise Epidemiology Distribution

Graves’ Ophthalmopathy Report Key Strengths

• Ten years Forecast
• The 7MM Coverage
• Graves’ Ophthalmopathy Epidemiology Segmentation
• Graves’ Ophthalmopathy Report Assessment
• Epidemiology Segmentation
• Current Diagnostic Practices

Key Questions

Epidemiology Insights

• What are the disease risks, burdens, and unmet needs of Graves’ Ophthalmopathy? What will be the growth opportunities across the 7MM with respect to the patient population of Graves’ Ophthalmopathy?
• What is the historical and forecasted Graves’ Ophthalmopathy patient pool in the United States, EU4 (Germany, France, Italy, and Spain) and the United Kingdom, and Japan?
• Why do only limited patients appear with symptoms? Why is the current year diagnosis rate not high?

Reasons to Buy

• Insights on patient burden/disease prevalence, evolution in diagnosis, and factors contributing to the change in the epidemiology of the disease during the forecast years.
• The report will help develop business strategies by understanding the latest trends and changing treatment dynamics driving the Graves’ Ophthalmopathy Market.
• To understand key opinion leaders’ perspectives around the accessibility, acceptability, and compliance-related challenges of existing treatment to overcome barriers in the future.
• Detailed insights on various factors hampering disease diagnosis and other existing diagnostic challenges.