Anemia Epidemiology Summary

Anemia Insights and Trends

• Anemia is a major global public health concern, especially among young children and pregnant women. According to the WHO, an estimated 42% of children under five years of age and 40% of pregnant women worldwide are affected by anemia.
• Anemia is defined by reduced hemoglobin concentration and diminished red blood cell mass, which together impair the blood’s capacity to deliver adequate oxygen to peripheral tissues. In children, its etiology is multifactorial, with common risk factors including prematurity, malnutrition, early or excessive cow’s milk consumption, chronic blood loss, and underlying inflammatory conditions.
• Autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) is a rare condition, with an estimated incidence of about 1 to 3 cases per 100,000 people annually. In elderly patients, diagnosis and management can be more challenging due to reduced bone marrow reserve, diminished erythropoietin responsiveness, age-related immune senescence, and a higher prevalence of comorbidities.
• Warm autoimmune hemolytic anemia (wAIHA) is a serious disorder in which pathogenic immunoglobulin G (IgG) autoantibodies target and destroy red blood cells. At present, management relies on broad immunosuppressive therapies that do not address the underlying disease mechanism and are not specifically approved as safe or effective treatments for wAIHA
• Aplastic anemia is a rare and severe non-malignant disease characterized by autoimmune destruction of early hematopoietic cells. Its global incidence rate ranges from 0.7 to 7.4 cases per million inhabitants per year, with higher rates in Asia compared to Europe and the United States.
• Approximately 75% of diamond blackfan anemia cases involve heterozygous mutations in ribosomal protein genes, classifying it as a ribosomopathy, with RPS19 being the most frequently mutated gene.
• In Japan, children with allergic diseases are at increased risk of chronic inflammation, which may result in anemia of chronic disease, the most common form of anemia observed in patients with chronic illness.

Anemia Epidemiology Forecast in the United States

• 2025 Incident Cases of Anemia: ~XXX
• Anemia Growth Rate (2026–2036): XXX% CAGR

DelveInsight's ‘Anemia – Epidemiology Forecast – 2036’ report delivers an in-depth understanding of the Anemia, historical and forecasted epidemiology in the United States, EU4 (Germany, Spain, Italy, and France) and the United Kingdom, and Japan.

Anemia  Understanding and Diagnosis Algorithm

Anemia Overview

Anemia Overview and Diagnosis

Anemia is a condition marked by a lower-than-normal number of red blood cells or haemoglobin, reducing the blood’s ability to carry oxygen to tissues. It disproportionately affects women and children and, in severe cases, can impair cognitive and motor development in children and lead to complications for pregnant women and their babies. The condition arises from multiple factors, including poor nutrition, infections, chronic diseases, heavy menstrual bleeding, pregnancy-related issues, and genetic predisposition, though iron deficiency remains the most common cause.

Anemia is diagnosed through clinical evaluation and laboratory tests. Doctors assess symptoms such as fatigue, weakness, pale skin, shortness of breath, and dizziness, along with medical history, diet, menstrual patterns, and chronic illnesses, while physical examination may reveal signs like pallor or rapid heartbeat. Confirmation is mainly done through a complete blood count (CBC), which measures hemoglobin, red blood cell count, and hematocrit, with low hemoglobin being the key indicator; red cell indices also help identify the type of anemia. Additional tests, including iron studies, vitamin B12 and folate levels, and reticulocyte count, help determine the underlying cause, while further investigations such as stool tests, kidney function tests, or screening for chronic diseases may be needed in some cases. Identifying the root cause is essential because treatment focuses not only on correcting anemia but also on addressing the underlying condition.

Further details are provided in the report.

Anemia Epidemiology

Key Findings from Anemia Epidemiological Analysis and Forecast 

• Globally, it is estimated that ∼40% of all children aged 6–59 months, ∼37% of pregnant women and ∼30% of women 15–49 years of age are affected by anemia.
• Iron deficiency remains the leading cause of anemia globally, accounting for roughly half of all cases. It disproportionately affects women under the age of 50, who represent the most impacted population group.
• Aplastic Anemia accounted for ∼2,600 cases in the 7MM in 2025.
• Anemia prevalence was lowest in children ages 2–11 (∼5%) and highest in adults 60 and older (∼13%).
• Japan accounted for approximately 12 million cases of IDA in 2025.

Scope of the Report

The report covers a segment of an executive summary, a descriptive overview of Anemia, explaining its causes, signs and symptoms, and pathogenesis.

• Comprehensive insight has been provided into the epidemiology segments and forecasts, the future growth potential of the diagnosis rate, and disease progression.

Report Insights

• Anemia Patient Population Forecast

Report Key Strengths

• Epidemiology‑based (epi‑based) Bottom‑up Forecasting
• 11-year Forecast 
• Patient Burden Trends (by geography)

FAQs

• What are the disease risks, burdens, and unmet needs of Anemia? What will be the growth opportunities across the 7MM concerning the patient population with Anemia?
• What is the historical and forecasted Anemia patient pool in the US, EU4 (Germany, France, Italy, and Spain), the UK, and Japan?

Reasons to Buy

• Insights on patient burden/disease prevalence, evolution in diagnosis, and factors contributing to the change in the epidemiology of the disease during the forecast years.
• To understand key opinion leaders’ perspectives around the diagnostic challenges to overcome barriers in the future.
• Detailed insights on various factors hampering disease diagnosis and other existing diagnostic challenges.