drug development

Narcolepsy is characterized by symptoms such as excessive daytime sleepiness, cataplexy (sudden loss of muscle control, often triggered by strong emotions) and fragmented sleep. Narcolepsy occurs throughout the world but occurrence rates vary among populations. Occurrence of Narcolepsy is estimated to be 1 in 2,000 ...

Interstitial cystitis (IC), also known as painful bladder syndrome, is a chronic disease that results in recurring discomfort or pain in the bladder and the surrounding pelvic region. This is considered as multiple bladder conditions as it can lead to many other problems. Interstitial cystitis can be of two types: N...

Vulvovaginal Candidiasis (VVC) is an infectious disease, also known as ‘Vaginal thrush’, ‘monilia’, and vulvovaginal candidosis. VVC is usually caused by the yeast species Candida albicans, an infection of vagina associated with itchy rash of the vulva. Common symptoms include itching, soreness or burning discomfort...

Colony Stimulating Factor 1 Receptor (CSF1R) is a cell-surface protein encoded, in humans, by the CSF1R gene. CSF1R is also known as macrophage colony-stimulating factor receptor (M-CSFR), and CD115 (Cluster of Differentiation 115), and is encoded by CSF1R gene which controls the production, differentiation, and fun...

Galectin belongs to the family of lectins that has the ability to bind to β-galactose, and binds to glycoproteins that are present on the extracellular as well as intracellular surface. Galectins have varied roles in many cellular functions like adhesion, migration, polarity, chemotaxis, proliferation, apoptosis and...

Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL), also known as Apo-2 ligand (Apo2L) is a type II trans membrane protein belonging to the Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF) superfamily that are widely expressed on the surface of Natural Killer (NK) and T cells, macrophages and dendrite cells. These pr...

Mammalian Target of Rapamycin (mTOR) is always in limelight for its wider application. It is a protein of a 289-kDa long chain contains serine and threonine kinase, and was first identified when rapamycin (Sirolimus) was discovered. mTOR helps in the synthesis of important cellular proteins which has a major impact ...

Over the last few decades, the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (also known as the NMDA receptor or NMDAR) has received much attention due to their role in brain development and function. They are ionotropic receptors found in nerve cells, gets activated by binding of glutamate and glycine. NMDRs are heteromers compose...

Criticism of the drug company at the centre of a disastrous clinical trial that left one participant dead and four with long-term neurological symptoms has intensified following a revelation that the firm did not use certain data when deciding to administer a higher dose that proved deadly. On 15 December, during a ...

According to National Society of Health, approximately 26 million patients are suffering from heart failure worldwide, with the increased economic burden of USD 30.7 billion each year. The advent of a novel class of drugs, i.e., the angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitor, gives hope to the patients. Neprilysin is...