Data from three cohorts of patients with early stage pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) indicate that a two-protein biomarker panel, consisting of plasma tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI) and tenascin-C (TNC-FN-III-C), as measured in plasma samples using an ELISA improves the prognostic value of CA 19-9. This biomarker panel enabled accurate discrimination between patients with, and those without early stage PDAC, and was also effective in discriminating between patients with diabetes or pancreatitis and those with PDAC. These findings improve upon the prognostic effectiveness of CA 19-9, the previous gold-standard biomarker.

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